The Yoga Sūtras of Patanjali are a foundational text in the yogic tradition — 196 short aphorisms written in Sanskrit, offering profound guidance on the theory and practice of yoga. Attributed to the sage Patanjali, who also authored important works in Sanskrit grammar (Mahābhāṣya) and Ayurveda, this collection is believed to have been compiled in the early centuries of our era.
Among the most important teachings from the Yoga Sūtras is the system of Aṣṭāṅga Yoga — the "eight limbs" of yoga. These eight limbs are not separate practices, but interconnected steps on the yogic path, leading ultimately to inner stillness and spiritual liberation. The first two limbs are known as the Yamas and Niyamas, forming the ethical and personal foundations of yoga. In this post, we’ll explore the Yamas, which can be understood as yogic restraints or guidelines for ethical living.
The word Yama means “restraint” or “control.” These are ethical principles that guide our actions and attitudes toward others — and toward ourselves. Practicing the Yamas helps us purify our intentions, reduce suffering, and create harmony within and around us. They are not commandments, but invitations to evolve consciously.
There are five Yamas:
More than just refraining from physical violence, Ahimsa calls us to reduce harm in thought, word, and deed — toward all living beings, including ourselves.
How to live it:
• Speak gently and mindfully
• Eat in ways that support non-harm (e.g., plant-based choices)
• Treat insects with care instead of killing them
• Avoid self-criticism and harsh judgment
• Cultivate kindness in interactions
Satya means truth — not just speaking truthfully, but living in alignment with your inner truth. It’s about authenticity, clarity, and awareness of reality as it is.
How to live it:
• Communicate honestly and clearly
• Be willing to listen and learn
• Express your truth respectfully
• Observe your inner truth without distortion
Beyond not taking what isn't ours, Asteya includes not wasting others' time, energy, or resources. It asks us to live with integrity and contentment.
How to live it:
• Be punctual and respectful of others' time
• Honor intellectual property
• Avoid energy-draining habits (e.g. gossip)
• Practice generosity — giving without expectation
Traditionally associated with celibacy, Brahmacharya today is understood as moderation — consciously managing desires and sensual indulgence so they don't control us.
How to live it:
• Use technology and entertainment mindfully
• Recognize your needs vs. fleeting wants
• Enjoy pleasures without overindulgence
• Create space for deeper fulfillment beyond consumption
In a world driven by consumption, Aparigraha invites us to simplify — to let go of attachment, comparison, and the need for more. It teaches us to be enough, and to have enough.
How to live it:
• Ask yourself before buying: “Do I truly need this?”
• Let go of emotional attachment to objects or people
• Declutter with intention
• Find joy in simplicity
If you're just starting this exploration, try this:
Remember: yoga is not about being perfect — it's about practicing with awareness.
